ff9 ap farming disc 3. It's determined by the whole enemy formation. ff9 ap farming disc 3

 
 It's determined by the whole enemy formationff9 ap farming disc 3  As Zidane, head north into the Dock and ride the boat into the castle

Nothing really happened until the end of disc 2 imo, and now I'm at the start of disc 3 (stuck on the second round of the tetra master tournament. Choose to “check the room” and you will be prompted with a list of areas you can check: the Desk, Ladder, Heater or Shelf. Final Fantasy IX. 特にカイザーナックルはFF9でやたら弱点にされている敵の多い風属性を持ち、風属性強化の黒帯やブレイサーを装備して、バードキラーとMP消費攻撃も合わせれば脅威の5倍のダメージ倍率をたたき出す超強力な武器で実質サラマンダーの最強武器といっても. 2. Are there any other good spots to prepare for ozma and the disc 4 bosses? 10 Chocobo’s Forest. Grand Dragon Farming on Disc 3! : r/FinalFantasyIX. Shops in the Black Mage Village also change. Upon entering the village, head through the first door on the right. The dragon has. But the AP you get from Gnats is only between 2 and 6 per battle. 9. 5. - M: magic. With Quina in the party and Millionaire equipped, you can go to the marshy grass around the Qu's Marsh near Daguerreo. You will only encounter Adamantoises in. It can only be found in forests, and only after it's been 20 seconds or more since your last battle or you entered the World Map, depending on which last occurred. When Quale asks you to take Quina along, say yes and Quina joins the party. If you're going to go the Degenerator route to level up and choose The Island Closest to Heaven, set your battle speed. B. This is the Story Walkthrough for Black Mage Village (Disc 2) from Final Fantasy IX (FFIX, FF9). Level grinding may also be called farming, usually used for more specific cases, like AP farming or experience farming for Ability Points and Experience. It's still disk one. Slalom Monster (2 enemies) - 1400 EXP - 140 AP - 3000 Gil. If Zindane trances, you might want to use him to attack. Starloving_Fool 15 years ago #2. The easiest way is to train Diablos to learn 'Mug' command which requires 200 AP. As Zidane, head north into the Dock and ride the boat into the castle. It's right before you get Freya then Quina, so they'll join you powered up. The laziest way is to Lv 5 Death those Grand Dragons and equipping Millionaire. The enemies you encounter are tough but offer lots of EXP for that part of the game. This is a walkthrough for the boss fight with the Antlion from the game Final Fantasy IX (FF9, FF IX). Go ahead and catch a frog and give it to Quina. You might have to restock on 99 softs if you need more then 594 (3x2x99) AP for 1 character in a farming run. Take the path upwards. As for money, the Cotton Robes trick is your best best, you can soon rack up a fair bit. Helping the Friendly Monsters. So in conclusion, the best place to AP farm whether or not you have elixirs is the Northern Crater Swamp (first area has a greater rate of encounters). *Buy 99 Steepled Hats in Black Mage Vilage (and NOT in Burmecia, since that will take much longer); this can only be done after getting the Hilda Garde. Pumice, Ozma [Card], Strategy Guide [Key Item] Enemies. For Final Fantasy IX on the PlayStation, Guide and Walkthrough by bover_87. Click on the links below to jump to a specific section. Maybe not worth the effort in the end, but it. advertisement. Final. 2. For starters, speak to Monty and give him the letter from Mosh before heading off to try and locate all 5 of Ramuh's apparitions. Finding Yan before you have found the others will cause it to run away. Final Fantasy IX. After the scene, head to the Chocobo hut. You know the Qu's Marsh on the island to the west of the Forgotten Continent? Well, the island may have Grand Dragons on it, but it's the Adamantoises (EXP:1274 when divvied up between all four party members/AP: 3/Gil. If you don't hit the required time limit, load your game and do it again. Please note that the following walkthrough sections are full of spoilers. Disc 1 AP, XP, Gil Farming mini-FAQ. Jan 10, 02 at 4:22pm (PST) ^. Find Chocograph #3, Uncultivated Land, on the eastern side of the Mist Continent. Lv5 Death works on them also, and on disc 4 Dracozombies and Whale Zombies are everywhere so Quina can easily get it. Kalvix Oct 3, 2013 @ 5:57pm. Then next one isn't until disc 2 I believe. Mideel Area, dirt: 161 AP, 1438 Exp => useless, except you might want to morph. Climb the vine in the moogle room of gizamalukes grotto and fight dragons on the. "Just thought I'd mention a great place to AP-farm on Disc 3 (at the earliest) that seems like it. Final Fantasy 9 (FF9) Walkthrough Team. I got very tired of running around in circles not rustling leaves and not finding a single encounter (disc 3), so I decided to see what the code has to say. Takes forever to farm those Grand Dragons post lv60 . Load a savegame and wait until can move around in the level. 30 – Stand Up. Never get too far behind the levels of the bosses you will encounter next. since: Dec 2001. Level grinding, power leveling, or training, is a term used to describe walking around an enemy-infested location and defeating enemies in battle for the sake of leveling up. There's that Grand Dragon farming method on Disc 1 once you reach Gizamaluke's Grotto. So it takes longer that it formerly did. DISC 3: *Buy 99 Wrists in Dali. Some other ways to get Beta a bit earlier if you ever play through again: 1. Level Up - Level Up is also not 100% necessary, but will speed up the process. Note that missable items (as well as Synth recipies the item is used in and abilities taught by them) are colored in red. And Ozma is one of the last reasons to grind for most people (or at least for most people I’d imagine reading this). Follow her along the bridge. Also, in Dagger's case, jewels boost certain summons' attack power, while in Eiko's case, they may change the effect or element of a specific. The "Cotton Robe Trick" is an easy way to make money later on, since it uses 2 cheap components to make a 610g profit. to the next screen,and save your game here. This will make him immune to lightning. When talking to the man, choose to answer. A speed run of FFIX might actually end up taking quite a while if you're doing a lot of loading and retrying to faster times. Disc 3 Walkthrough. AP, and removes status ailments. The easiest way is to train Diablos to learn 'Mug' command which requires 200 AP. After defeating the Mistodon, head south. 1. (or hell, even Level 5. Final Fantasy IX (USA) (Disc 3) (v1. ★ Final Fantasy 16 is now available to play! This page is about the item Hi-Potion from Final Fantasy IX (FF9, FFIX). Allows the following to be modfied. Finally, head into the room where you went in the beginning of the game and talk with Baku. Their are only two, relatively weak type of monsters there that give out 3 AP each. Where is the best place to ap farm? Build. Yet another Ragtime Mouse thread. Daweird 15 years ago #1. *Synthesize 99 Cotton Robes in, for example, Lindblum. Final Fantasy 9 AP Question Hey Guys, I wanted to get an opinion. Synth a Cotton Robe (Synthesis Shop in Lindblum, Alexandria, or Treno for 1 Wrist + 1 Steepled Hat + 1,000 Gil). Lv5 Death works on them also, and on disc 4 Dracozombies and Whale Zombies are everywhere so Quina can easily get it. Enter Oeilvert and interact with the gigantic door. Just equip Zidane with the Sargatanas and you can Soul Blade basically any enemy you want for AP whilst getting 0 EXP. As Garnet, head upwards then to the path to your room. Final Fantasy 9 (FF9) Walkthrough & Guides WikiYou can't buy them at any shop. If you're looking to max out your character's Sphere Grid in a matter of hours there's really no better way for you to do it than through this method. Move mouse cursor over a location for a link to that location's article. Stay out of the forests (though there is a friendly Garuda there). 4. The disadvantages though are 1. The point is to strengthen the team, often for an upcoming boss. SimClarke • 2 yr. 6. AP 30 GIL 9638 STEAL Robe of Lords, Reflect Ring,. Use your. The majority of stats for characters are class-dependent. 6. go get quina from that swamp next to dragons gate and then go back to lindblum, go outside and eat one of those axe beaks to learn limit glove. RIght after you jump off the train with Tifa and Barret go south and come to a security door where shinra soliders will keep coming over and over and over. . Items. You will only encounter Adamantoises in. 13 – The Chase. The disadvantages though are 1. Dock at a shore then head to the Black Mage Village. If you manage to track down the. 3. AP: x20: Obtained by giving ores to a Lady Bug outside the village. This article was created by Game8's elite team of writers and gamers. From Burmecia, head left until you see a raging sandstorm. Note numerous locations are absent on this map due to their precise location not being specified Midgar Area Midgar Sector 1 Mako Reactor 1 Sector 8 Sector 7 7th Heaven Train graveyard. You can synth them at the secret synther Hades near the very end of the game (from an echo screen and a vaccine) but that isn't very useful as you essentially need to finish the game to get there. Final Fantasy 9 (FF9) Walkthrough Team. Antcipated Games- Lies of P, Dragon Quest Infinity Stratch, Granblue Fantasy. Menu. So it takes longer that it formerly did. These monsters are modified forms of their normal field counterparts, and drop no Exp, AP, Gil, or Items aside from the fixed prize. Use the Standard Grid. LoTR: The White Council LoTR: The Third Age. Magic Urns 8000 exp 2000 AP per kill. Read on if you have a question or need help beating a certain part of this game. Vegh, if you are aiming for just level 30 and not actually using it to power level I will absolutely agree the Limit Glove method is best. Last updated on: 08/28/2020 4:25 AM. Head right then activate the lever to open it. Obtaining Dragon Fangs. » Final Fantasy IX » High AP level on Disc 3. So if you're looking for non-boss group battles that grant 9 or 12 AP, you won't find them. Final Fantasy Mode Guide. Head deeper into the lifa tree until another scene occurs. This lets you farm the needed AP to get started on the beach with Quistis + Dead Squall before Ifrit, then max your first 3 GFs in Dollet. I am getting back into playing this game again but need some help. . The friendly Yan, meanwhile, will flee unless the party has given an offering to all the other friendly monsters. but then again, if you aren't interested in that, then Grand dragons will certainly work. Final Fantasy IX HD Walkthrough Part 35 - Alexandria Attacked, and Tantarian Boss Battle. If your levels are that high, the rest of disc two and probably most of disc three will be a cakewalk. ago. It can be found at Popos Heights on the Mist Continent (can be entered via Gizamaluke's Grotto), Cazedil Plains on the Outer Continent, Lanar Island—which is near the Qu's Marsh on the south end of the Forgotten Continent—and Sacrobless Island on the Salvage Archipelago. Master_Gamer 15 years ago #2. 4. 1. Late game dungeons, such as the Chaos Shrine and Flying Fortress, contain monsters giving large amounts of gil, such as Black Knights, which give 1,800 gil a piece and attack in groups. 5. After reaching the Theater District, exit the terminal then head downstairs. Other than the items and AP, completing this side quest will aid you in taking on the superboss of the game, Ozma, bringing it within reach for melee. Description The Zorlin Shape is Zidane's second-best dagger-type weapon in Final Fantasy IX. If you want to level to 99 read this. As for money, the Cotton Robes trick is your best best, you can soon rack up a fair bit. Obtaining Dragon Fangs. Junon, 1st corridor: 138 AP, 1413 Exp => new best spot once you get the buggy. best way to make gil/money/gold. Please note that the following walkthrough sections are full of spoilers. Yet another Ragtime Mouse thread. Jewels can be equipped by anyone, and some teach either Dagger or Eiko summons. Items. 2) Northern Cave Swamps going in with 0 Elixirs = 477. Exit the Black Mage Village and head back to the ship. Its not really a good idea to farm EXP early, not until Disk 3 / 4, when you start to get stat boosting gear. 10 AP, Potion: White Ghost: Plains around Treno: 1 Ore: 10 AP, Hi-Potion: Color Ladybug: Forest around the Black Mage Village: 2 Ore: 20 AP, Ether: Green Yeti:FF7 Remake Walkthrough Team. Zidane's Theivery takes a LONG time to level up. If you only have the boat and you want to grind AP, go to a shore on the Lost Continent (The one with Esto Gaza on it). RedXIII400 12 years ago #7. Black Mage Village 2nd - Objectives. If you enjoyed the video, please check the description and support the artists featured. Players can find it in the plains once they leave Lindblum for the first time. The Ragtime Mouse runs a quiz game throughout the game. You can, in fact, beat the game at level 1, although I don't necessarily recommend it unless you want to do a challenge run. Make sure that your at a place where you can continuously run in a circle without running into your airship. Antcipated Games- Lies of P, Dragon Quest Infinity Stratch, Granblue Fantasy Relink, FFVIIRebirth, Elden Ring DLC, FFXVI DLC. Friendly Monsters are different from other enemies in the sense that instead of attacking, they will provide you with a request instead. The Blue Narciss Using the ship to go to Esto Gaza, return to Alexandria, complete some Chocograph Hunting and head back to the Black Mage Village. I am getting back into playing this game again but need some help. By beating enemies and gaining experience, party members have the chance to "level up" to gain more power and defense. Lv. Jewels can be equipped by anyone, and some teach either Dagger or Eiko summons. Yans are wiped in 1 round, usually it works if they dont get the kill beforehand. The only other thing that can stop AP gain are status effects, those being KO, Virus, or Zombie. You know the Qu's Marsh on the island to the west of the Forgotten Continent? Well, the island may have Grand Dragons on it, but it's the Adamantoises (EXP:1274 when divvied up between all four party members/AP: 3/Gil. Learn Aerith's Lv 3 limit break Pulse of life (Full HP/MP on entire party) learn Beta. After the scene in the village, head north and talk to Vivi. Check the world map for a guide to traverse the maze. xXGranasabreXx 12 years ago #1 I am in Disk 3, and have an Ocean chocobo. The least popular method. Note that missable items (as well as Synth recipies the item is used in and abilities taught by them) are colored in red. "Just thought I'd mention a great place to AP-farm on Disc 3 (at the earliest) that seems like it would be overlooked by most. Click on the links below to jump to a specific section. Leveling guide For lv 60+ disk1. A Little Side Questing¶. From Lindblum, sail northward to enter the Outer Continent. Following this guide you'll get 20+ Sphere Grid levels per battle and you'll spend more time farming Strength, Mana, Speed etc spheres to unlock spots on. Escher's drawing "Relativity". You can try this mini game now or wait until Disc 3. 6875 AP/battle. 24 – Wutai. . Mideel Area, grass: 180 AP, 1525 Exp => new best spot for Exp once you get the Tiny Bronco. A Grendel that is level 1-19 has about a 70%. Beginner's Tips. Your ATB should always fill before he can even attack. Sector 7 Sewer. The weapon shop is located in front of the inn. You will only encounter Adamantoises in. Final Fantasy IX Walkthrough Disc Three. *Synthesize 99 Cotton Robes in, for example, Lindblum. Koyote (743713@helixcharter. Chocograph Locations. #6. Take note that an "!". Eiko: Hold Eiko's action until Ozma acts. Unlike the other PSX Final Fantasy titles, IX uses a number of throwbacks to the NES and SNES games (for instance, the battle system is heavily based on FFVI's, while the character "job" system resembles. There are a couple other weapons with unique skills that become unavailable in disc 4 as well (make sure you hit up daguerreo and get the weapons for freya and steiner there, and make sure to. Synthesizing 99 will cost 137,610 Gil, so start slow if you are low on Gil. . Final Fantasy IX is, as the name would have you believe, Square's ninth installment in the famous Final Fantasy series. 1. Diamond. Sail to the northeastern part of the continent. I am on Disc 3 with the. Welcome to the Disc Three section of my walkthrough. The weapon shop is located in front of the inn. As Cid, head down the platform then take a right turn. Elixirs can't be purchased or obtained from enemies. Generally, the player will not get very many Ability Points from battles unless they are in the final. There are 2 Grand Dragon methods. ManaYuka 15 years ago #1. The. Quina is pretty much the key to making "disc 1" less frustrating, since you can get Frog Drop as soon as you get him, and power it up really quickly. The Steepled Hat is a light armor headgear in Final Fantasy IX. There are 100 nobles, and 49 buttons in the sequence (which buttons are in the sequence varies each time). Petrify them with Soul Blade + Sargantas. You are slightly over leveled, but there's nothing wrong with that. Enter the. Grand Dragons die quick and are relatively harmless. When Quale asks you to take Quina along, say yes and Quina joins the party. Its not really a good idea to farm EXP early, not until Disk 3 / 4, when you start to get stat boosting gear. Once all AP bars are filled on a piece of equipment for a particular character, there is no need to AP farm for that piece of equipment for that character anymore, you would switch to another equipment piece with unlearned abilities for that character. You will begin right outside of the pub, where you just saw Zidane and his friends. So far my findings are modest but here it is: The game uses (at least) two bytes to track your map location. Head to the Black Mage Village's graveyard. wpot 12 years ago #6. Set goal times for each dungeon and just make sure you're coming in under the required time limit. The enemies you encounter are tough but offer lots of EXP for that part of the game. Just AP/Exp grind anytime you find yourself on the world map. RedXIII400 12 years ago #7. Final Fantasy IX. As Garnet, head upwards then to the path to your room. iso download. You can find each of them in any order that you prefer, however you cannot find the last Friendly Monster (Yan) until you have found all 8 of the other monsters. Disc 4 Walkthrough. 6. 8. Insanely Fast/Unlimited AP Trick In FFX. After talking to Vivi, head to the weapon shop. The friendly Yan is the only friendly monster that will stay and fight instead of fleeing when attacked. Your best bet right now is to hunt for a friendly monster, unfortunately you just missed your first one. This is page lists guides for each chapter of the main story in Final Fantasy IX (FFXI, FF9) for Switch and PS4. Theatrhythm Final Fantasy Curtain Call. This section covers the different items found throughout the game. The only way to perform the trick in disc 4 is to go to Alta at the back of Burmecia to get 99 Steepled Hats though (Dali still has Wrists). The following is a list of items in Final Fantasy VIII. Follow me on Twitter Other YouTube Channels. Ipsen's Castle is a location on the Forgotten Continent in Final Fantasy IX situated in a natural depression, well below sea level. 10 Final Fantasy IX; 1. Final Fantasy IX PlayStation . Watch Dagger closely; when a field icon appears over her head, immediately press X to only lose 500 Gil (otherwise you'll lose 1,000 Gil). I've now completed the game at level 7, and I have tons of saves from disc 3 with Ultima Weapon dead and all that, so I figured I could go for level 100. Friendly monsters, when found, will ask for an item. It will cost you 1,000 Gil to synthesize. ★ Final Fantasy 16 is now available to play! This is a page on the enemy Grand Dragon from the game Final Fantasy IX (FF9, FFIX). Easy though if you use 1 routine for Yans: Quina casts Night. Follow the girl to the top of the screen. When you finish the game, wait for the credits to scroll to the end (do not try and skip the credits). The character's Hit % and Magic Defence are increased by amounts determined by the. Someone mentioned grand dragons and this is def the way to go, but I suggest a different place. Unless you encounter Serpent, use Cid and cloud to cast Demi spells (Demi will lower the enemy HP without killing it) and use morph with Yuffie. It boosts the wearer's Strength on level up. The Yan is the name of two enemies in Final Fantasy IX. Description The Steepled Hat is a light armor headgear in Final Fantasy IX. You know the Qu's Marsh on the island to the west of the Forgotten Continent? Well, the island may have Grand Dragons on it, but it's the Adamantoises (EXP:1274 when divvied up between all four party members/AP: 3/Gil. Flying. DISC 3: *Buy 99 Wrists in Dali. Early EXP Farm In Final Fantasy IX (Switch) Final Fantasy IX became the first numbered Final Fantasy to return to Nintendo in decades upon its launch in February. » Final Fantasy IX » High AP level on Disc 3. The last coffee can be found in the Village of Dali on Disc 3 (during the Treno section of the story). 2. Boss Battle - Silver Dragon. Stat growth refers to the permanent improvement of the stats of the player characters. After the Airship lands, follow the Minister. Exit the Black Mage Village and head back to the ship. The most efficient is to kill Adamantoise on Lanar island, which is near Daguerro. Plus if you have the activated Ability Up, it will double it yet again. You’ll need to use the W-Item dupe trick to harvest Magic Pots, but even without that, the odd Mover battle is well worth the effortFinal Fantasy IX Cheats. 656. Walkthrough | Gameplay | Fainaru Fantajī 9 | FF9 | FFIX | Grand Dragon | Level Up | Quick | Grinding | Hironobu Sakaguchi | ファイナルファンタジー |. Final Fantasy VII (Platinum 100% Walkthrough) with Simon-----Check out my Amazon Store for my product video reviews and even live. Final Fantasy IX. Enter Oeilvert and interact with the gigantic door. After defeating the Mistodon, head south. The Cotton Robe can be synthesized at the Lindblum Synthesis Shop. ago. You would only get 1-3 AP for each of those encounters. Anywhere on Disc 4 world map for easy AP. "Just thought I'd mention a great place to AP-farm on Disc 3 (at the earliest) that seems like it would be overlooked by most. 4. So far my findings are modest but here it is: The game uses (at least) two bytes to track your map location. As pointed out, the main draw of the Chocobo Hot & Cold mini-game is to find Chocographs, which basically function as treasure maps. This mini-game takes place during the play near the start of the game. It's on a darkened, marsh-looking patch of fertile land to the side of the river. Side Questing (3) By Jarrod Garripoli. Other then that when switching characters you can go buy softs at the moogle in the first screen of Oeilvert. The only way to perform the trick in disc 4 is to go to Alta at the back of Burmecia to get 99 Steepled Hats though (Dali still has Wrists). Greetings. They don't give much EXP either. Hmmm as I remember its either the downed plane. Your best bet right now is to hunt for a friendly monster, unfortunately you just missed your first one. They are usually gained from battles. Behemots have almost twice as much HP, hit harder, and have Meteor Counter, so the fights might drag on for a while. 1. This is the Story Walkthrough for Cleyra (Disc 2) from Final Fantasy IX (FFIX, FF9). It is a quiz master who poses a yes or no question every time it is encountered. Enemies. by Lassarina Aoibhell. Location: Dark City Treno (Disc 3) Item Gil Required Items; The Ogre: 700: 2 Mage Mashers: Exploda: 1,000: Mage Masher, Mythril Dagger: Rune Tooth: 2,000: 2 Mythril Daggers: Angel Bless. This article was created by Game8's elite team of writers and gamers. Disc 1 Disc 2 Disc 3 Disc 4 Alexandria; Alexandria Castle;Black Mage Village 2nd - Objectives. Since you are on disc 3, except for the Friendly. Behemots have almost twice as much HP, hit harder, and have Meteor Counter, so the fights might drag on for a while. After reaching the castle interior, head right and climb the tower. Personally, I use Seifer, and one "dummy" character to farm AP, I usually choose to sacrifice Quistis for this cause, as her "best" abilities don't really require high stats to function well. 3 Answers. . Just AP/Exp grind anytime you find yourself on the world map. but then again, if you aren't interested in that, then Grand dragons will certainly work. AP is not awarded per monster like EXP is. You can spam Grand Dragons outside Gizamaluke's Grotto for massive levels, but you need these things. For early grinding, save an Ability Sphere for Wakka’s “Extract Ability. 2. This Blue Magic ability can be learn. Level grinding may also be called farming, usually used for more specific cases, like AP farming or experience. Returning to Alexandria. . Ozma (boss) Requirments: Sky Chocobo. As your goal is to level up everyone in your party, periodically changing out members is recommended. Early EXP Farm In Final Fantasy IX (Switch) Final Fantasy IX became the first numbered Final Fantasy to return to Nintendo in decades upon its launch in February. Once inside the shop, talk to Garnet. Last updated on: August 28, 2020 04:36 AM. Head to the alley and agree to Blank's request. This one is also near the river. They have around 6000 hp so can be one shot, and the entire island you can use the beach healing provided you finished that miniquest. . Head to the bottom of the hill for a Mythril Vest. For 1 Power Generator, you get 20 Pulse Ammo. 3. Buy a Wrist in Dali for 130 Gil and a Steepled Hat from Atla's Mogshop in Burmecia for 260 Gil. Synthesizing 99 will cost 137,610 Gil, so start slow if you are low on Gil. Freya uses Dragon Breath. I am on Disc 3 with the Blue Narciss and Ocean Choco doing sidequests. If your levels are that high, the rest of disc two and probably most of disc three will be a cakewalk. The Desert Palace. An easy (albeit somewhat tedious) trick to encounter Ragtimer is to go to a. advertisement. It can only be found in forests, and only after it's been 20 seconds or more since your last battle or you entered the World Map, depending on which last occurred. It's on a darkened, marsh-looking patch of fertile land to the side of the river. Besides bosses and friendly monsters, the best AP you're going to get up to dic 3 is from random battles, up to 3 points per battle, 4 if you want to go hunt Tonberries in Ipsen's Castle (you. A Short Guide to AP Farming in Final Fantasy XV. The start of Disc 4, starting in the Black Mage Village and leading into the last side quests available at the end of the game. They give 80 AP each, 650 Exp, 1,000 Gil each and come in mobs of 3 or 4. Disc 4.